AAMAL FOR THE DAY OF EID UL FITR
It is recommended to offer a prayer of fourteen units and to recite Surah al-Faatehah once, Ayah al-Kursi once, and Surah al-Tawheed three times at each unit. The reward of offering each unit of this prayer is as same as the reward of forty-year worship as well as the reward of each and every one who has observed fasting and offered prayers in this month.
Tenth In Misbah al-Mutahajjid, Shaykh al-Tusi says At the last hour of this night, you may bathe yourself and sit in your prayer-place until dawn.
AAMAL OF EID UL FITR DAY
The devotional acts on the ‘Id al-Fitr Day, the first of Shawwal, are as follows
First It is recommended to say the supplicatory prayer that has been mentioned within the acts of the ‘Id al-Fitr Night to be said after the obligatory prayers and that begins with (AllahuakbarAllahu akbar) after the Fajr Prayer and after the ‘Id al-Fitr Prayer.
Second It is recommended to say, after the Fajr Prayer, the supplicatory prayer, which begins with the following statement
اللّهم انى توجّهت اليك بمحمّد امامى
This supplicatory prayer has been mentioned by Sayyid Ibn Tawus. However, Shaykh al-Tusi has mentioned that this prayer is said after the ‘Id al-Fitr Prayer (Salat al-’Id).
Third It is obligatory to defray Zakat al-Fitrah as a single sa’ (a measure) for each person before the time of the ‘Id al-Fitr Prayer with details shown in books of Muslim jurisprudence. It is worth mentioning that Zakat al-Fitrah is one of the confirmed obligations, since the acceptance of one’s fasting is dependent upon the defrayment of this alms. It is also security against death up to the next year. In the following verses of the Holy Qur’an, Almighty Allah has mentioned Zakat before the prayers
“He indeed shall be successful who pays Zakat, magnifies the name of his Lord, and prays. 8714-15”
Fourth It is recommended to bathe oneself on this day. It is more preferable to bathe oneself in a river, if possible. In the word of Shaykh al-Tusi, the time of bathing is the period between dawn and the ‘Id al-Fitr Prayer. According to a Hadith, when you want to bathe yourself (in a river), try to be under shadow or under a wall. When you intend to begin the bathing, you may say the following
اللّٰهُمَّ اِيمَانا بِكَ وَ تَصْدِيقا بِكِتَابِكَ وَ اتِّبَاعَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ
You may then mention the Name of Almighty Allahand bathe yourself.
After accomplishment, you may say the following
اللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ كَفَّارَةً لِذُنُوبِي وَ طَهِّرْ دِينِي اللّٰهُمَّ اَذْهِبْ عَنِّي الدَّنَسَ .
Fifth It is recommended to put on the best clothes, apply perfumes, and offer the prayer in an open place, other than Holy Makkah.
Sixth It is recommended to eat something, as a breaking of the fast, before the ‘Id al-Fitr Prayer. It is preferable to break the fast with some dates or a piece of candy. Shaykh al-Mufid has mentioned that it is advisable to swallow a piece of the soil of Imam al-Husayn’s tomb, for it is remedy for all illnesses.
Seventh It is recommended not to leave one’s house for joining the congregational ‘Id al-Fitr Prayer before sunrise. It is also recommended to say the supplicatory prayers that have been mentioned by Sayyid Ibn Tawus in Iqbal al-A’mal. Among these supplicatory prayers is the one that Abu-Hamzah al-Thumali has reported Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (a.s.) as saying Whey you ready yourself for joining the congregational Friday Prayers and the ‘Id Prayers, you may say the following supplicatory prayer
اللّٰهُمَّ مَنْ تَهَيَّاَ فِي هٰذَا الْيَوْمِ اَوْ تَعَبَّاَ اَوْ اَعَدَّ وَ اسْتَعَدَّ لِوِفَادَةٍ اِلَى مَخْلُوقٍ رَجَاءَ رِفْدِهِ وَ نَوَافِلِهِ وَ فَوَاضِلِهِ وَ عَطَايَاهُ فَاِنَّ اِلَيْكَ يَا سَيِّدِي تَهْيِئَتِي وَ تَعْبِئَتِي وَ اِعْدَادِي وَ اسْتِعْدَادِي رَجَاءَ رِفْدِكَ وَ جَوَائِزِكَ وَ نَوَافِلِكَ وَ فَوَاضِلِكَ وَ فَضَائِلِكَ وَ عَطَايَاكَ وَ قَدْ غَدَوْتُ اِلَى عِيدٍ مِنْ اَعْيَادِ اُمَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى آلِهِ وَ لَمْ اَفِدْ اِلَيْكَ الْيَوْمَ بِعَمَلٍ صَالِحٍ اَثِقُ بِهِ قَدَّمْتُهُ وَ لا تَوَجَّهْتُ بِمَخْلُوقٍ اَمَّلْتُهُ وَ لَكِنْ اَتَيْتُكَ خَاضِعا مُقِرّا بِذُنُوبِي وَ اِسَاءَتِي اِلَى نَفْسِي فَيَا عَظِيمُ يَا عَظِيمُ يَا عَظِيمُ اغْفِرْ لِيَ الْعَظِيمَ مِنْ ذُنُوبِي فَاِنَّهُ لا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ الْعِظَامَ اِلا اَنْتَ يَا لا اِلَهَ اِلا اَنْتَ يَا اَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ.
EID PRAYER
Eighth It is recommended, thereafter, to offer the ‘Id Prayer (Salat al-’Id), which consists of two units. In the first unit, recite Surah al-Faatehah and Surah al-A’la (No. 87). After the recitation of these Surahs, say the Takbir statement (i.e. Allahu-akbar) five times and raise your hands for Qunut after each Takbir, saying
اللّٰهُمَّ [اَنْتَ اَهْلُ] اَهْلَ الْكِبْرِيَاءِ وَ الْعَظَمَةِ وَ اَهْلَ الْجُودِ وَ الْجَبَرُوتِ وَ اَهْلَ الْعَفْوِ وَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ اَهْلَ التَّقْوَى وَ الْمَغْفِرَةِ اَسْاَلُكَ بِحَقِّ هٰذَا الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَهُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عِيدا وَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ذُخْرا وَ شَرَفا وَ مَزِيدا اَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اَنْ تُدْخِلَنِي فِي كُلِّ خَيْرٍ اَدْخَلْتَ فِيهِ مُحَمَّدا وَ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اَنْ تُخْرِجَنِي مِنْ كُلِّ سُوءٍ اَخْرَجْتَ مِنْهُ مُحَمَّدا وَ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ اَجْمَعِينَ اللّٰهُمَّ اِنِّي اَسْاَلُكَ خَيْرَ مَا سَاَلَكَ مِنْهُ عِبَادُكَ الصَّالِحُونَ وَ اَعُوذُ بِكَ فِيهِ مِمَّا اسْتَعَاذَ مِنْهُ عِبَادُكَ الصَّالِحُونَ الْمُخْلِصُونَ
You may then say the Takbir statement for the sixth time, do the genuflection (ruku’), and prostrate yourself (sujud). When you stand up for the second unit, recite Surah al-Faatehah and Surah al-Shams (No. 91) and then say the Takbir statement four times only raising the hands for Qunut after each statement. After that, say the fifth Takbir statement and continue the prayer. After accomplishment of the prayer, say the famous Tasbih al-Zahra’(a.s.).
Narrations have mentioned many supplicatory prayers to be said after the ‘Id Prayer; rather, the best of them may be the forty-sixth supplication of al-Sahifah al-Kamilah al-Sajjadiyyah
It is also recommended to offer the ‘Id Prayer outdoors, directly on the ground without putting a carpet or any other thing under the feet, to return from a way other than the one taken in the coming, and to pray Almighty Allah for accepting the acts of one’s brethren-in-faith.
Ninth It is recommended to visit the holy tomb of Imam al-Husayn (a.s.).
Tenth It is recommended to say the famous supplicatory prayer known as Dua al-Nudbah, which will be cited later on in this book. Sayyid Ibn Tawus has instructed, saying After saying Dua al-Nudbah, prostrate yourself and say the following
اَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ نَارٍ حَرُّهَا لا يُطْفَى وَ جَدِيدُهَا لا يَبْلَى وَ عَطْشَانُهَا لا يَرْوَى
You may then put your right cheek on the ground and say the following
اِلَهِي لا تُقَلِّبْ وَجْهِي فِي النَّارِ بَعْدَ سُجُودِي وَ تَعْفِيرِي لَكَ بِغَيْرِ مَنٍّ مِنِّي عَلَيْكَ بَلْ لَكَ الْمَنُّ عَلَيَّ
You may then put your left cheek on the ground and say the following
ارْحَمْ مَنْ اَسَاءَ وَ اقْتَرَفَ وَ اسْتَكَانَ وَ اعْتَرَفَ.
You may then return to the (ordinary) prostration and say the following
اِنْ كُنْتُ بِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ فَاَنْتَ نِعْمَ الرَّبُّ عَظُمَ الذَّنْبُ مِنْ عَبْدِكَ فَلْيَحْسُنِ الْعَفْوُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ يَا كَرِيمُ
You may then repeat the following word one hundred times
الْعَفْوَ الْعَفْوَ
Sayyid Ibn Tawus then adds, “Do not spend this day with entertainment and negligence while you do not know whether your deeds have been accepted or rejected. Rather, if you hope for acceptance of your deeds, you must show thanks; and if you anticipate rejection, you must be intensely sad.”
THE TWENTY-FIFTH OF SHAWWAL
According to some narrations, Imam Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq(a.s.) departed life on the twenty fifth of Shawwal, AH 148. However, other historians have decided that he departed life on the fifteenth of Rajab. The reason of his death was that he was offered poisoned grapes. It has been also narrated that at his last hours, he (a.s.) gathered all his relatives and said to them, “Our Intercession (shafa’ah) shall not be won by him who belittles his prayers and who does not care for them.”
Source: Mafatih al-Jinan (Keys to Heavens), Sheikh Abbas Al-Qummi