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\u06f3\u06f1\u06f8 ) \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a ) . \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647&zwnj; \u0647\u0627\u0649 &laquo; \u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc\u0647 &raquo; \u0648 &laquo; \u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0642 &raquo;\u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u0649 \u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 &zwnj;\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 &laquo; \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647 &raquo; \u0645\u0649 &zwnj;\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f ( \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u0628\u0631 ( \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u06f2\u06f9\u06f3 \u0642 \/ \u06f9\u06f0\u06f6 \u0645) \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a: \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 :<\/p>\n<p>Fr&uuml;he mu&#8221;tazilitische M?reiographie \u0648 Van Ess .( \u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a \u06f1\u06f9\u06f7\u06f1 \u0645 \u060c \u0635\u0635 \u06f2\u06f8 \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 ) \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 &laquo; \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0647 &raquo; \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0649 ( \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u06f3\u06f8\u06f0 \u0642 \/\u06f9\u06f9\u06f0 \u0645) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f ( \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 :<\/p>\n<p>R.sellheim , Israel Oriental studies , II , 1972 , 429-32) \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0649 ( \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u06f4\u06f2\u06f9 \u0642 \/ \u06f1\u06f0\u06f3\u06f7 \u0645) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0649 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u0649 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647&zwnj;\u0647\u0627\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u0649 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647&zwnj;\u0647\u0627\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a ( \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f 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Goldziher , Abhandlungen zur arabischen philologie,<br \/>\nII . 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\u06cc\u0627 &laquo; \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u0636\u0647&raquo; \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 : \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0649 \u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062c\u06f1\u060c \u0635\u06f1\u06f9\u06f3 \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646.<br \/>\n35 &ndash; \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647: \u0641. \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644<br \/>\n&quot; The influence of Biblical tradittion on Muslim historiogaphy&quot;<br \/>\n(\u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646) \u062f\u0631 :<br \/>\nB. lewis and P.M.Holt (eds), Historians of the Middle East, London, 1962, 35 &#8211; 45<br \/>\n\u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0632: M-J-Kister, Haddith?&#8221;an ban? isra&#8221;ila wa-l? haraja Israel Oriental Studies. 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\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0635 \u06f3\u06f6<br \/>\n84- \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f: \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062c\u0641 \u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f8\u06f1 \u0642\/ \u06f1\u06f9\u06f6\u06f1 \u0645\u060c \u0635 \u06f8\u06f3 \u0648 Goldziher , Muhammedanishe studien, Halle , 1889-1890, ll, p,10 F.<br \/>\n85- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u06a9\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u06a9\u0631\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06f1\u06f9\u06f6\u06f6 \u0645\u060c \u0635\u0635 \u06f3\u06f5\u06f5-\u06f3\u06f6\u06f9<br \/>\n86- \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 :<br \/>\nD.sourdel &#8221;La politique religieus des successeurs d&#8221; al-Mutawakkil&#8221; Si,xlll , 1960, 12 FF.<br \/>\n87- \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0649 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 : \u0635\u0635 \u06f1\u06f1\u06f9-\u06f1\u06f2\u06f1 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0630\u06a9\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u06a9. \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 &laquo;\u0622\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u06cc\u0647&raquo; \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062c \u06f2 ( \u0628\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0635\u0635 \u06f1\u06f3\u06f5\u06f0 &ndash; 1352 \u0642)\u061b \u0647\u0645\u0648<br \/>\n&quot; La changeante port&eacute;e sociale de quelques doctrines religieuses&quot; , L &#8221;&eacute;laboration de L&#8221; Islam colloque de strasbourg, 12-14 juin 1959, paris, 1961, 16<br \/>\n88- \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 :<br \/>\nH.Laoust, &#8221;La pensee et l&#8221;action politiques d&#8221;al-M?wardi (364-450 \/ 974-1058), REI. XXXVI. I, 1968, 43 ff.<br \/>\n&#8221;Les agitation &quot;religieuses ? Baghd?d aux ive et \u0647\u0645\u0648<br \/>\nve si&eacute;cles de L.&#8221;H&eacute;gire, in D.S. Richards (ed) islamic civilisation , 950-1150, oxford, cassiror, 1973, 169-54.<br \/>\n89- \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 :<br \/>\nL-Massign, &#8221; Recherches sur Les sh&icirc;&#8221;ites ext?emistes ? Baghdad ? la fin du troisieme si&eacute;cle de L.&#8221;Hegire&#8221; , ZDMG. XCLL, 1938,378-82\u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u061b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0649 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a . \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u063a\u06cc\u0628\u062a \u0635\u063a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0649 &zwnj;\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0649 &zwnj;\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0647\u06af\u0630\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f &ndash; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2489],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2489"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shiastudies.com\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}